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Objective:To understand the genome sequence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and spike protein variations during different epidemic periods in Wuxi City.Methods:Nucleic acid was extracted from the nasopharyngeal swab samples of six local cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (from January to February, 2020) and 13 imported cases of COVID-19 (from March to September, 2021) in Wuxi City, and the whole genome was amplified to construct the sequencing library. The second-generation sequencer was used for sequencing. The CLC Genomics Workbench (21 version) software was used to analyze the offline data with NC_045512.2 as the reference strain, and MEGA 7.0 software was used to construct the phylogenetic tree.Identification of type was conducted by Nextstrain typing method and phylogenetic assignment of named global outbreak lineages (Pangolin) typing method.Results:There were five subtypes in Nextstrain and seven subtypes in Pangolin of the nineteen patients with COVID-19. Compared with NC_045512.2, the median nucleotide mutation sites were 29 (range 0 to 42) and amino acid mutation sites were 20 (range 0 to 34). The six local and 13 imported cases had no common nucleotide mutation sites and were in different evolutionary branches. The sequences of the six local cases were highly homologous with the reference strain sequences (NC_045512.2) at the early stage of the pandemic, and the evolutionary distance was close to that of the reference strain. The 13 imported cases were obviously divided into three evolutionary branches (Alpha, Beta, Delta variant).The four Beta variants shared eight amino acid mutation sites in spike protein, and the two Alpha variants shared eight amino acid mutation sites in spike protein, and the seven Delta variants shared five amino acid mutation sites in spike protein.Conclusions:New mutations of SARS-CoV-2 are constantly emerging during the epidemic. The increase of the nucleotide sites number may result in the change of spike protein amino acid. Therefore, the whole-genome sequencing analysis plays an important role in the accurate tracing of epidemic origin and adjustment of prevention and control measures.
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Objective:Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting the 4-year incidence of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a Chinese population was attempted.Methods:This prospective cohort study was conducted in Shijingshan District Pingguoyuan Community (Beijing, China) from December 2011 to April 2012 among adults aged≥40 years not suffering from T2DM. Finally, 8 058 adults free of T2DM were included with a median duration of follow-up of 4 years. Participants were divided into a modeling group and verification group using simple random sampling at a ratio of 7∶3. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional risk models were applied to identify the independent risk predictors in the modeling group. A nomogram was constructed to predict the 4-year incidence of T2DM based on the results of multivariate analysis. The Concordance Index and calibration plots were used to evaluate the differentiation and calibration of the nomogram in both groups.Results:A total of 5 641 individuals were in the modeling group and 2 417 people were in the validation group, of which 265 and 106 had T2DM, respectively, at 4-year follow-up. In the modeling group, age ( HR=1.349, 95% CI 1.011-1.800), body mass index ( HR=1.347, 95% CI 1.038-1.746), hyperlipidemia ( HR=1.504, 95% CI 1.133-1.996), fasting blood glucose ( HR=4.189, 95% CI 3.010-5.830), 2-h blood glucose level according to the oral glucose tolerance test ( HR=3.005, 95% CI 2.129-4.241), level of glycosylated hemoglobin ( HR=3.162, 95% CI 2.283-4.380), and level of γ-glutamyl transferase ( HR=1.920, 95% CI 1.385-2.661) were independent risk factors for T2DM. Validation of the nomogram revealed the Concordance Index of the modeling group and validation group to be 0.906 (95% CI 0.888-0.925) and 0.844 (95% CI 0.796-0.892), respectively. Calibration plots showed good calibration in both groups. Conclusion:These data suggest that our nomogram could be a simple and reliable tool for predicting the 4-year risk of developing T2DM in a high-risk Chinese population.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the pharmacological effect and metabolic mechanism of Linderae Radix on the intrauterine adhesion （IUA） rat model. MethodAn IUA rat model was induced by mechanical injury and infection. Molecular biology and pharmacology techniques were employed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of Linderae Radix extract （LAE） on fibrosis in IUA. Serum metabolomics analysis based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） was conducted to explore the metabolic regulation mechanism of LAE. ResultAnimal experiments showed that LAE significantly improved the morphology and structural damage of uterine tissue cells in the IUA rat model， promoted endometrial proliferation， vascular regeneration， and morphological recovery， inhibited the mRNA expression of transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1）， Smad2， and Smad3， and increased the expression of Smad7 mRNA to suppress fibrosis. Additionally， LAE significantly suppressed the levels of estrogen （E2）， follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）， luteinizing hormone （LH）， and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） expression （P<0.01）， thereby improving the uterine microenvironment. Metabolomics analysis revealed significant metabolic abnormalities in the serum of IUA rats compared with the results in the normal group， and nine differential metabolites were identified. LAE effectively ameliorated these metabolic abnormalities， primarily by influencing six differential metabolites， including five shared metabolites among the nine identified markers： L-aspartic acid， L-pyroglutamic acid， L-serine， glucose， and L-norvaline. Pathway enrichment analysis indicated that the aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis pathway was the main affecting mechanism. ConclusionIn combination with the pharmacological research results， LAE effectively improved uterine damage and inhibited fibrosis in the IUA rat model. Its mechanism may involve the inhibition of the aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis pathway and the improvement of the microenvironment.
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ObjectiveTo explore the effects of Wumeisan on gut lactase activity and microflora diversity of mice with dysbacteriosis diarrhea. MethodThe mice were randomly divided into 4 groups， namely， the normal group， the model group， and the low-dose and high-dose Wumeisan groups， with 8 mice in each group. The mouse model was made by gavage of mixed antibiotics for 7 d， and the low-dose and high-dose Wumeisan groups （5.98， 11.96 g·kg-1） were given gavage for 7 d continuously. The normal group and the model group were given the same volume of sterile water. The changes in the body weight， food intake， and diarrhea of mice were recorded. Feces were collected after the last administration， and the lactase activity was detected by the colorimetric method. The gut microbiota changes were detected by the 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology. ResultCompared with those in the normal group， the mice in the model group had dilute and soft stools， reduced body mass， reduced food intake， reduced lactase activity， significantly reduced intestinal flora diversity， and significant changes in the relative abundance phylum and genus levels of flora. Compared with the model group， Wumeisan reduced the diarrhea rate of mice， promoted the rapid recovery of body weight and food intake， increased the lactase activity decreased by antibiotic， improved the community abundance and diversity of mice with dysbacteriosis， and made the species composition closer to that in the normal group. The abundance of three phyla （Bacteroidota， Proteobacteria， Verrucomicrobiota） and nine genera （Odoribacter， Enterococcus， Clostridium innocuum group， etc.） of mice with diarrhea were regulated by Wumeisan. Among them， norank f Muribaculaceae， norank f norank o Clostridia UCG-014， Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group， and Odoribacter showed significant positive correlation with the body weight and lactase activity， and Escherichia-Shigella， Enterobacter， Enterococcus， and Clostridium innocuum group showed significant positive correlation with the diarrhea rate. Function prediction showed that the high-dose Wumeisan significantly reseted 6 functional levels of metabolism， genetic information processing， and human diseases， and had positive effects on endocrine and metabolic diseases， immune diseases， infectious disease， and parasitic infectious diseases. ConclusionWumeisan can relieve the symptoms of dysbacteriological diarrhea by increasing the lactase activity and regulating the gut microbiota composition.
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Objective:To translate the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment of voice scale（URICA-Voice） into Chinese and test its reliability and validity. Methods:The URICA-Voice scale was converted into Chinese by literal translation, cultural adjustment, expert consultation, pre-investigation, and back translation. Convenience sampling was used to recruit patients at four speech therapy centers from February to May 2022. Then the Chinese version of the scale was distributed to them, and the reliability and validity of the scale were tested after data collection. Cronbach ɑ was used to evaluate the reliability. The critical ratio method and Pearson correlation coefficient were used for item analysis. Item-level content validity, scale-level content validity, and confirmatory factor analysis were used to test the validity of the scale. Results:A total of 247 valid questionnaires were collected. ①Item analysis: the critical ratios between a high-score and low-score groups of 32 items were all statistically significant（P<0.01） and all the critical ratios were above 3.00. The Pearson correlation between 32 items and the total score was significant（P<0.01）. ②Validity analysis: I-CVI=1.00, S-CVI/Ave=1.00, χ²/df=2.30, RMSEA=0.07. Except for item 9 and 23, the standardized factor loading coefficients of other items were all above 0.50. AVE of the four dimensions of the scale was all above 0.50, and the combined reliability of the four dimensions was all above 0.70. The correlation coefficients between dimensions were less than the square root of the AVE of the dimension itself. ③Reliability analysis: the Cronbach ɑ of the whole scale was 0.94, and the Cronbach ɑ of the four dimensions were 0.88, 0.92, 0.94, and 0.88 respectively. Conclusion:The Chinese version of URICA-Voice has good reliability and validity, and can be used as a specific measurement tool for evaluating the compliance of voice training in China.
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Humanos , China , Lenguaje , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , VozRESUMEN
Lymphocytic hypophysitis(LYH) is a rare autoimmune disease, which is more common in women and is closely associated with pregnancy. For patients with lymphocytic hypophysitis, the clinical manifestations mainly depend on the speed of disease progression, the extent of lesions, the severity and stage of disease, which can present as mass effect, decreased anterior pituitary hormone function, and central diabetes insipidus, etc. Due to physical changes in pituitary anatomy and hormone levels, as well as restriction of imaging examinations during pregnancy, it poses greater challenge to establish diagnosis in perinatal patients, which demands a comprehensive assessment of the patient′s clinical symptoms and biochemical tests. For treatment, patients with hypopituitarism during pregnancy should be given hormone replacement therapy. Moreover, patients need to adopt optimized tailored therapy according to gestational age and various clinical manifestations. At present, there is no report on the adverse effects of LYH on pregnancy outcome and re-pregnancy. This review discusses the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of patients with LYH during pregnancy, and provides reference for the clinical management of this condition.
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Clinical data of 28 patients diagnosed with retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) in Shanxi Bethune Hospital from September 2014 to September 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 16 males and 12 female with a mean onset age of (56±11) years. The clinical manifestations were lumbago (16/28, 57.14%), abdominal pain (9/28, 32.14%) and back pain (8/28, 28.57%). Inflammatory indexes were elevated in 25 cases (89.29%), and 3 cases had renal insufficiency. Serum IgG4 was elevated in 3 cases (10.71%). Scheel imaging evaluation showed that proportion of type Ⅰ combined with type Ⅲ (abdominal aorta and/or iliac vascular involvement combined with unilateral or bilateral ureteral involvement) was the highest(50.00%, 14/28). followed by. Twenty-seven patients (96.43%) were treated with glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants; 14 patients (50.00%) underwent surgical intervention for ureteral obstruction or hydronephrosis; 6 patients (21.43%) relapsed during hormone withdrawal; 6 patients (21.43%) recovered from the disease and terminated medication; and 13 patients (46.43%) successfully removed the double J tube after lifting ureteral obstruction and hydronephrosis. It is suggested that RPF is more likely to occur in middle-aged and elderly men, with low back pain as the main clinical feature, and ureteral involvement as the main imaging feature. Glucocorticoid combined with immunosuppressive therapy is the conventional treatment. Surgical intervention can relieve acute obstruction and effectively improve the prognosis of patients.
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Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the teaching of Biopharmaceutical Engineering course was carried out online and completed with satisfactory outcomes. In order to improve the efficiency of online teaching, ensure the substantive equivalence between online and offline teaching and achieve effective teaching, this article summarized the exploration and practical experience of online teaching, taking the Biopharmaceutical Engineering course as an example. This includes analysis of learner characteristics, selection of online teaching platform, development of teaching resources, optimization of teaching contents, BOPPPS teaching method-based design of teaching structure, and reflection of effective teaching. This paper is expected to provide a useful reference for online teaching.
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Humanos , Productos Biológicos , Pandemias , COVID-19RESUMEN
Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of fulminant type 1 diabetes (FT1DM) in China.Methods:Clinical data of 279 cases related to FT1DM in Chinese Database from January 2005 to December 2018 were collected, and other 20 patients from our hospital were included in the present study.Results:(1) There has been a progressive increasing in the number of reported cases every year in China, and the number in the southern region were significantly more than that in the northern region. (2) The median age of the onset of FT1DM patients in China was 32.5 years old, without significant gender difference. Moreover, 36.5% (54/148) of the female patients caught the disease during their prenatal period, most of them were onset in the second or third trimesters of pregnancy and 2 weeks after delivery (37/40), and the prognosis of the fetus was extremely poor. (3) Compared with new-onset type 1 diabetes, FT1DM patients were younger, and with higher blood glucose [(39.7±15.3) vs (21.2 ± 9.9) mmol/L], higher serum creatinine [(188.4±115.9) vs (51.8 ±23.1) μmol/L], and higher amylase levels [245.5 (26.0-5 137.0) vs 54.7 (14.0-404.9) U/L]. FT1DM patients were with more severe acidosis, and lower HbA 1C level [(6.6 ±0.8)% vs (12.9 ± 2.5)%, P<0.01]. (4) FT1DM patients may combine with multiple organ dysfunction or severe metabolic disorders, electrolyte disorders, as well as liver and kidney dysfunctions, and elevation of amylase and muscle enzymes. Conclusion:FT1DM are with some clinical characteristics different from classic new-onset type 1 diabetes, including adult-onset, frequent in the southern China. Pregnancy may be a predisposing factor for female patients. Significant metabolic disorders and multiple organ involvements are common in the patients with FT1DM.
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@#The transcription factor c-Myc regulates the proliferation, differentiation, metabolism and other key processes of normal cells extensively.The unleashed MYC oncogene frequently produces abundant c-Myc protein, which directly regulates the gene expression of key metabolic enzymes, or tumor-related metabolic pathways by inhibiting microRNA, leading to abnormal metabolism characterized by heightened nutrients uptake, enhanced glycolysis and glutaminolysis, and elevated fatty acid and nucleotide synthesis.This paper briefly summarizes how c-Myc regulated metabolism on glycolysis, glutamine metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, lipid metabolism and nucleotide synthesis in cancer cell,which provides some theoretical reference for the development of antitumor targets and drugs involving c-Myc.
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Breathing pattern parameters refer to the characteristic pattern parameters of respiratory movements, including the breathing amplitude and cycle, chest and abdomen contribution, coordination, etc. It is of great importance to analyze the breathing pattern parameters quantificationally when exploring the pathophysiological variations of breathing and providing instructions on pulmonary rehabilitation training. Our study provided detailed method to quantify breathing pattern parameters including respiratory rate, inspiratory time, expiratory time, inspiratory time proportion, tidal volume, chest respiratory contribution ratio, thoracoabdominal phase difference and peak inspiratory flow. We also brought in "respiratory signal quality index" to deal with the quality evaluation and quantification analysis of long-term thoracic-abdominal respiratory movement signal recorded, and proposed the way of analyzing the variance of breathing pattern parameters. On this basis, we collected chest and abdomen respiratory movement signals in 23 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and 22 normal pulmonary function subjects under spontaneous state in a 15 minute-interval using portable cardio-pulmonary monitoring system. We then quantified subjects' breathing pattern parameters and variability. The results showed great difference between the COPD patients and the controls in terms of respiratory rate, inspiratory time, expiratory time, thoracoabdominal phase difference and peak inspiratory flow. COPD patients also showed greater variance of breathing pattern parameters than the controls, and unsynchronized thoracic-abdominal movements were even observed among several patients. Therefore, the quantification and analyzing method of breathing pattern parameters based on the portable cardiopulmonary parameters monitoring system might assist the diagnosis and assessment of respiratory system diseases and hopefully provide new parameters and indexes for monitoring the physical status of patients with cardiopulmonary disease.
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Humanos , Pulmón , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica , Respiración , Volumen de Ventilación Pulmonar , Dispositivos Electrónicos VestiblesRESUMEN
Objective:To understand the understanding and experience of high intensity interval training (HIIT/HIT) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), analyze the influencing factors of patients′ participation in the treatment prescription, and provide references for the formulation of the exercise plan and the implementation of targeted nursing.Methods:Totally 11 cases of T2DM HIIT patients admitted to the department of endocrinology, a third-class first-class hospital in Qingdao from March to November 2019 were interviewed in a semi-structured way, and the data were analyzed and extracted using the phenomenological research method.Results:A total of three themes and 10 subjective themes were extracted. Subjective experience: positive emotional experience, the recognition HIIT is inconsistent, duration and high intensity load cycles affect sports enthusiasm, the discomfort of original changes in lifestyle); promoting factor: movement time, stable blood sugar control, simple is not restricted by the natural environment and economy; hindering factors: social role pressure, insufficient strengthened intervention of stimulus, worrying about an accident.Conclusion:There are promoting factors and obstacles in the process of high intensity intermittent motion in patients with type 2 diabetes, but its strong knowledge for sports consciousness and the hope of diversification, medical personnel can timely give intervention and correct guidance to help patients correct implementation plan, improve the exercise adherence, better control of blood sugar, prevent and delay the development of complications.
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Objective:To investigate the current Kangaroo Mother Care(KMC) knowledge among registered nurses working in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in China.Methods:A convenience sample of 607 registered nurses participated in this descriptive, cross sectional exploratory study. An online self-designed questionnaire was used to collect the data, including 12 items, 3 sections (Basic knowledge, Emergency handling, Breast feeding).Results:The total score was 6.52±2.29 (the total score was 12). The 5 items, accuracy below 50%, were ①In your opinion, the optimal duration of KMC was (10.2%,62/607); ②What to do if the baby had respiratory arrest or became blue during KMC (18.8%,114/607); ③Who should implement KMC (42.5%, 258/607); ④what could we do if the baby was not gaining weight (47.3%, 287/607); ⑤How to feed the baby during KMC (47.8%, 290/607). Registered nurses with more than 10 years of working experience in NICU scored higher; junior registered nurses scored lower; registered nurses learned by individuals scored lower ( F values were 9.413, 9.862, 5.368, all P<0.01). Conclusions:The insufficiency of KMC knowledge is common among NICU registered nurses. The understanding of basic concepts of KMC should be strengthened. Stratified training should be conducted for nurses′ ability to deal with emergencies, assess the changes in infants' conditions, and knowledge of breast feeding. All registered nurses′ KMC operation should be standardized to improve the level of implementation of KMC by NICU registered nurses.
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Objective@#To discuss the characteristics of symptoms improvement based on the follow-up evaluation of Eustachian tube balloon dilation medium to long-term efficacy in patients with symptomatic Eustachian tube dysfunction (SETD).@*Methods@#Patients from 2015 to 2017 were followed up after Eustachian tube balloon dilation (with the sense of aural fullness, or tinnitus and hearing ambiguity). All participants had been done ETDQ-7 before surgery and were re-evaluated with ETDQ-7 in follow-up. The improvement of overall and individual symptoms scores in ETDQ-7, the effects of gender and the difference of scores at different stages (12-18 months, 18-24 months and 24-30 months) after the operation were analyzed.@*Results@#There were 29 patients, including 16 males and 13 females, whose age ranged from 20 to 62 years old. The medium to long-term score of ETDQ-7 significantly declined after surgery (27.0±7.9 vs. 14.1±7.5, P<0.05). Among all symptoms, symptoms like "blockage feeling in ear or being like under the water, constriction feeling" , "sound of blisters or explosions in the ear" decreased obviously (P<0.05). Comparing different stages after surgery, the scores of ETDQ-7 existed no difference (P>0.05). And the difference of gender showed no significant influence on surgery effects.@*Conclusion@#The subjective symptoms of patients with Eustachian tube dysfunction diagnosed with SETD can be significantly improved in the medium to long-term follow-up after Eustachian tube balloon dilation, and the degree of improvement is not linearly related to the postoperative time.
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Objective@#To explore the effects of the clinical nursing experience when diabetes liaison nurses were trained by the experience of Diabetic complications method.@*Methods@#An in- depth interview was conducted on 15 liaison nurses who were undergoing Diabetic complications experience. Data were analyzed by Colaizzi analysis procedure.@*Results@#Totally five themes were refined, namely: updating knowledge, enhancing Mental toughness、Nursing soft skills、Empathy ability and make nursing and patient relationship more harmonious, and have a positive career attitude.@*Conclusion@#The experience training of complications can reduce the psychological pressure of diabetes nurses, improve the soft skills, mental toughness and the ability of transposition thinking, and explore a new way for the training of nurses. Further optimize the training time, content and models, so as to better improve the quality of nursing service and improve the comprehensive ability of nurses.
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Objective To explore the expression changes of SIRT1 and related inflammatory regula-tors in peripheral blood of patients with major depressive disorder and analyze the correlation between SIRT1, depression and inflammatory regulators. Methods Forty patients with major depressive disorder and forty healthy controls were selected. Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17) was used to assess the degree of de- pression in patients with depressive disorder. Quantitative Real-time PCR( RT-PCR) was used to detect the relative expression levels of SIRT1,Elf-1,NF-κB,IL-1β,GM-CSF mRNA,and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect the expression levels of SIRT1,Elf-1,NF-κB,IL-1β,GM-CSF proteins. The correlation between the severity of depression disorder and SIRT1 and the correlation between SIRT1 and Elf-1 and NF-κB were analyzed. Results (1)Compared with the control group,SIRT1 mRNA expression significantly decreased in the case group (P<0. 01),while Elf-1,NF-κB,IL-1β,GM-CSF mRNA expression significantly increased in the case group (P<0. 01). ( 2) The expression of plasma SIRT1 protein((8. 23± 1. 78)ng/ml) in the case group was lower than that in the control group (P<0. 01). The expressions of plas-ma Elf-1 protein((1 921. 67±271. 07)pg/ml),NF-κB protein((2 057. 29±260. 44)pg/ml),IL-1β protein ((186. 60±31. 00) pg/ml) and GM-CSF protein((183. 69±28. 87) pg/ml) were higher than those in the control group((1 512. 92±284. 54)pg/ml,(1537. 18±313. 82) pg/ml,(144. 79±31. 48) pg/ml,(162. 82± 27. 90) pg/ml,respectively,all P<0. 01). (3) SIRT1 mRNA expression level was negatively correlated with the severity of major depressive disorder (r=-0. 51, P<0. 01) and was negatively correlated with the mRNA expression levels of Elf-1 and NF-κB (r=-0. 66,P<0. 01,r=-0. 64,P<0. 01). Conclusion The expres-sion level of SIRT1 in peripheral blood of patients with major depressive disorder is correlated with the sever-ity of depression. This may be related to the decrease of SIRT1 expression in peripheral blood leukocytes of patients with major depressive disorder,which activates the pathway of NF-κB and Elf-1 and increase expres-sion of GM-CSF and IL-1β.
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Objective To explore the effects of the clinical nursing experience when diabetes liaison nurses were trained by the experience of Diabetic complications method. Methods An in-depth interview was conducted on 15 liaison nurses who were undergoing Diabetic complications experience. Data were analyzed by Colaizzi analysis procedure. Results Totally five themes were refined,namely:updating knowledge, enhancing Mental toughness、Nursing soft skills、Empathy ability and make nursing and patient relationship more harmonious, and have a positive career attitude. Conclusion The experience training of complications can reduce the psychological pressure of diabetes nurses, improve the soft skills, mental toughness and the ability of transposition thinking, and explore a new way for the training of nurses. Further optimize the training time, content and models, so as to better improve the quality of nursing service and improve the comprehensive ability of nurses.
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@#Gap junction is a necessary channel structure composed of connexin proteins, which can form direct communication to exchange material and information between mammal cells. Connexin 43(Cx43)is the most abundant connexin protein expressed in the central nervous system. There is emerging evidence that Cx43 has a wide regulatory effect on the occurrence and development of glioma and play an important role in malignant biological behaviors of glioma. Temozolomide is a currently first-line chemotherapeutic drug for glioma. However, with the prolong of treatment period, the therapy effect of temozolomide is attenuated in some patients because of drug resistance. And the abnormal expression of Cx43 in glioma may be one of the important reasons for temozolomide resistance. In this review, we summarized the structure and function of Cx43, several mechanism of temozolomide resistance and the research progress of Cx43-mediated temozolomide resistance, as well as anti-tumor compounds targeting Cx43 in recent years, in order to provide new evidence for glioma therapy.
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Objective To explore the clinical value of pulse indicates continuous cardiac output (PICCO) in fluid resuscitation of patients with ARDS complicated with septic shock caused by severe pneumonia. Methods Thirty-nine ARDS patients complicated with septic shock caused by severe pneumonia were divided into two groups, namely PICCO group and control group. The data of demographics and clinical findings of both groups were collected. At the same time, the data of serum lactic acid, Pa02/Fi02, MAP, the volume of fluid input, the amount of vasoactive agent, APACHE Ⅱ Scores of both groups at 6 hours and 24 hours after admission were collected, and the data of EVLWI, PVPI, CI, SVRI, GEDVI in PICCO group were documented at admission and 24 hours later, as well as the duration of mechanical ventilation, length of stay in the respiratory ICU and 30-day mortality were recorded. SPSS software of version 21.0 was used to statistically analyze the data. Results ① There were no statistically significant differences in in age, gender, APACHEII score and other relevant physiological parameters between two groups.② Compared with control group at 6 h and 24 h, the PICCO-guided treatment significantly reduced the level of Lac, elevated the MAP value and decreased the volume of fluid input (all P＜0.05) At the same time, this approach improved 24 h-Pa02/ Fi02(P=0.001).More importantly, the PICCO-guided treatment significantly reduced the duration of mechanical ventilation[(8.83 ± 3.57) vs (13.54 ± 4.06)d, P=0.000],shortened the stay in the respiratory ICU[(10.12 ± 4.46) vs (14.10 ± 5.65)d,P=0.020]and decreased the 30d mortality 15.79％ vs 50％,p=0.041. ③ In PICCO group, EVLWI and PVPI were significantly decreased[(12.27 ± 4.42) vs (16.11 ± 5.99) mL/ kg,P=0.028; (3.66 ± 1.71) vs (6.88 ± 2.93) mL/m2, P=0.000]; respectively and SVRI and GEDVI were significantly increased[(1212.70 ± 304.10) vs (958.50 ± 192.40)kPa·s/(min·m2),P=0.004; (676.57 ± 77.86) vs (616.33 ± 57.49)mL/(min · M2),P=0.010]; respectively at 24h compared those at admission. Conclusions Compared with conventional fluid resuscitation, PICCO-oriented treatment can quickly improve the relevant physiological parameters, direct the fluid resuscitation more accurately, shorten the duration of mechanical ventilation as well as the stay in ICU, and decrease the 30d mortality in patients with ARDS complicated with septic shock caused by severe pneumonia. Therefore, PICCO-oriented fluid resuscitation has noticeable clinical value, and be worthy of further clinical application especially in this kind of patients.
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Objective To establish and evaluate the application of modified capillary immunotyping for cryoglobulin qualification .Methods Referred to literature and benchwork experience , a modified capillary immunotyping technique was set up for cryoglobulin identification . Seventy-eight cryoglobulin positive specimens were collected by a standard method in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from November 2016 to July 2017.Thirty-nine samples were identified the type of the cryoglobulin simultaneously by modified capillary immunotyping ( CI ) and immunofixation electrophoresis ( IFE ) .Results Using the modified capillary immunotyping method , the types of cryoglobulin in seventy-eight specimens were identified.The number of cases decreased in the order of Ⅲ, Ⅱ and Ⅰ type of cryoglobulin .The clinical characteristics coincidence with previous reports .The modified CI method had a dramatic advantage in the speed, clarity, and accuracy of results compared with IFE .The ratio of reportable cases between these two methods was 1:0.87.Conclusion The modified capillary immunotyping was an accurate and easy method for cryoglobulin qualification , and feasible for clinical application .